Executive editor summary of NorESM2-DIAM: A coupled model for investigating global and regional climate-economy interactions:

Earth System Models are highly sophisticated computer models of the physical, chemical and biological processes that make up our planet. They are a key tool in predicting the climate change. Integrated Assessment Models tie physical changes in the climate to economic and social effects. Traditionally, Earth System Models (ESM) and Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) are loosely coupled through a static, unidirectional, asynchronous way. The work presented by this paper develops a novel framework that couples an ESM and a spatially disaggregated IAM in a dynamic, bidirectonal and synchronous way. This work represents a significant advance towards tight, bi-directional coupling between the Earth and Human systems. The tools developed here provide a blueprint for future studies seeking to identify precisely who is affected, where, and when by climate change—an essential step toward designing politically feasible and effective policies.